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Agricultural business and policy : publication

Adding Value in Agriculture, Food and Forestry

See 7 ways to add value to farm commodities or products, and learn how to turn a value-added agriculture idea into a business that can increase farm income.

Agricultural Commodity Futures Contract Specifications

Farmers and agribusinesses, learn about commodity exchange markets and contract specifications for selected farm commodities common to Missouri in this guide.

Agricultural Owners, Family Labor and the Worker Protection Standard

Find out what the EPA’s Worker Protection Standard requires of family-owned agricultural establishments to keep your family safe from pesticide exposure.

Agriculture and the Occupational Safety and Health Act

Missouri farms and ranches must have a safety and health program that complies with OSHA rules, regulations and standards if they have employees. Read this FAQ for details.

Alfalfa Baleage Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when producing alfalfa baleage as a forage crop on Missouri farms.

Alfalfa Establishment Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when planting and establishing alfalfa as a forage crop in Missouri.

Alfalfa Small Bales Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to plan how to produce, finance and market alfalfa sold as small hay bales in Missouri. It links to the Missouri Forage Budget Generator spreadsheet.

An Introduction to Basis

Discover how agricultural commodity basis applies to crops and livestock and affects your farm's production, forward pricing, hedging and storage decisions.

Basics of Farm Lease Agreements

Learn about key elements necessary for creating quality written farm leases between tenants and landowners.

Basics of Missouri Agricultural Cooperatives

Learn how to start and operate an agricultural cooperative under Missouri law, and read about farm co-op members' rights and board of director responsibilities.

Beef Backgrounding Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for backgrounded steer calves in Missouri, and summarize detailed assumptions and feed requirements.

Beef Heifer Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for buying beef heifer calves and selling them as bred replacement heifers in Missouri.

Beekeeping Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to estimate costs and returns when beekeeping and producing honey in Missouri.

Break-even Pricing, Revenue and Units

This guide explains how to calculate break-even price, revenue, and unit sales for value-added agricultural products.

Building Sustainable Farms, Ranches and Communities

Learn about funding offered by federal programs in support of agricultural and forestry innovations, specifically, program resources in community development; sustainable land management; and value-added and diversified agriculture and forestry.

Characteristics of Missouri’s Food, Agriculture and Forestry Workforce

Learn about employment, wage and training trends in Missouri's food, agriculture and forestry workforce. Plus, see what it will take to fill jobs in these industries.

Commodity Futures and Options Terminology

Check out this glossary of commodity futures and options keywords and their definitions to broaden your understanding of agricultural commodities markets.

Conservation Provisions in Leases

Conservation practice can affect leases and the relationship between landowners and tenants. This guide presents topics to address when incorporating conservation and ecosystem services into a lease agreement.

Cool Season Pasture Establishment Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to plan how to finance, establish and graze cool-season pastures on Missouri farms. It links to the Missouri Forage Budget Generator spreadsheet.

Corn (Dryland) Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing corn in Missouri under dryland conditions.

Corn (Irrigated) Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing corn in Missouri under irrigation.

Corn Silage Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and revenues when growing corn silage on Missouri farms.

Crop Insurance and Risk Management Programs for Missouri Specialty Crops

Protect your revenue or crop yields of your specialty crop business with crop insurance or similar programs to manage your price and production risks.

Dairy (Confinement) Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for a 150-cow confinement dairy (replacements raised on-farm) in Missouri and see input, feed and investment needs.

Dairy (Grazing) Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for a 150-cow rotational grazing dairy (replacements raised on-farm) in Missouri, and see input, feed and investment needs.

Dairy Grazing: Dairy Career Paths

Discover how to move toward owning or partnering in a grazing dairy by working as an employee, managing a farm, contract milking or sharemilking.

Dairy Grazing: Economics of Pasture-Based Dairies

Insights into managing the economics of pasture-based dairy farming, emphasizing strategies to control feed and labor costs for profitability.

Dairy Grazing: Keys to Building a Profitable Pasture-Based Dairy

Discover four characteristics of profitable pasture-based dairies: system design, focused investments, cost control and careful approach to financial leverage.

Dairy Heifer Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for raising dairy heifers purchased at birth, bred and sold at 24 months in Missouri, and see input and feed needs.

Days Suitable for Fieldwork in Missouri

Learn the number of days Missouri farms have available per week—due to weather and soil conditions—for tillage, planting, chemical application and harvest activities.

Designing a Farm Resume for Print and Online

Introduce yourself and your qualifications as a farm renter. Follow these tips to create a paper resume or LinkedIn profile for sharing with landowners.

Distributed Energy Resources: A Primer for Missouri Farmers

Major changes are occurring in how electricity is generated, distributed and used. Learn about this transition from centralized energy generation towards distributed energy generation and the potential impacts it will have for rural landowners.

Economic Budgeting for Agroforestry Practices

See the steps and examples you can follow to develop enterprise budgets, create a cashflow plan and estimate economic indicators for agroforestry practices.

Economics of Drone Ownership for Agricultural Spray Applications

Estimate the cost of using drones for agricultural spraying with this guide, covering equipment investment, maintenance, and per-acre expenses.

Elderberry Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns for producing elderberries in Missouri.

Evaluating Direct-to-Consumer Marketing Opportunities for Local Beef in Missouri

Explore strategies for Missouri beef producers to market directly to consumers, including selling by the cut or in shares, to enhance profitability.​

Farm Liability Insurance

Learn how to manage risk and protect your farm with liability insurance. Understand who is covered, what damages are covered and general liability insurance exclusions.

Farmers Guide to the H-2A Visa Program

A guide to the H-2A Agricultural Guest Worker Program, detailing eligibility, application steps, and resources for Missouri agricultural employers.​

Farmers’ Liability for Their Animals

Animal owners can have legal liability for acts of their livestock or pets. Learn about animal owner responsibilities, how to protect yourself from a lawsuit.

Farmland Values for Midwestern States

Find farmland value price trends in Missouri and other Midwestern states since 1912.

Fescue Seed and Forage Planning Budget

Use this budget to plan how to produce, finance, graze and market fescue on Missouri farms. It links to the Missouri Forage Budget Generator spreadsheet.

Field Borders for Agronomic, Economic and Wildlife Benefits

Learn how to make and maintain field borders to reduce soil erosion, protect soil and water quality and provide wildlife and pollinator habitat.

Five Phases of Management Transition During Family Farm Succession

Use a gradual process to transition farm management responsibilities from one generation to the next to improve the odds of keeping your farm in the family. This 5- phase process asks multiple generations to set goals, timelines and evaluation milestones.

Flexible Cash Leases in Missouri

Explore how flexible cash leases balance risk and reward for landowners and tenants, offering a fairer alternative to fixed cash and crop share leases.​

Funding Agricultural Business Development With Federal and State Grants

Grant programs allow agricultural businesses and farmers to seek funding that supports business development and may complement other business financing.

Grain Sorghum Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing sorghum in Missouri.

Growing Missouri’s Aquaculture Industry: Business Models

Learn about capital investments, production budgets, inputs and net returns for startup Missouri aquaculture operations using pond culture or recirculating aquaculture systems.

Growing Missouri’s Aquaculture Industry: Marketing Study

Reference this market research information as you explore aquaculture production alternatives and develop a plan for selling food fish, bait fish, sport fish or ornamental fish.

Growing Missouri’s Aquaculture Industry: Needs Assessment

Survey based needs assessment of Missouri aquaculture producers identifies common Missouri aquaculture species, fish and pond stocking market use, and perceptions about the future of the aquaculture industry.

Growing Missouri’s Aquaculture Industry: Trends and Outlook

Learn aquaculture production trends, demand for seafood, industry competition and feed industry trends that affect Missouri’s aquaculture industry.

Hydroponic Leafy Greens Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget as a guide to estimate the costs and returns for growing leafy greens hydroponically.

Incorporating Conservation Provisions in Leases

Landowners and tenants can both benefit when their responsibilities concerning conservation practices are specified in a written land lease. Learn topics that should be discussed and understood prior to incorporating conservation practices into a written land lease. This guide also provides sample…

Increasing Drought Resilience Through Conservation Practices: Opportunities With Federal Conservation Programs

Help your farming operation become more drought resilient by learning about conservation programs and practices and the answers to frequently asked questions.

Introduction to Hedging Agricultural Commodities With Futures

Hedging farm commodities in the futures market can reduce producers' price and production risk. Learn about hedging, hedging costs and when to hedge.

Introduction to Local Food Systems

Learn how to create rural and urban local food systems that are profitable and sustainable, connect farms to consumers and support the community and economy.

Landowners’ Guide to Lease Hunting in Missouri

If you're leasing property for hunting, then learn about lease arrangement options, prices or rates to charge, liability, and how to write a contract.

Lisianthus Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to estimate costs and returns for growing lisianthus as a cut flower in Missouri.

Livestock Gross Margin (LGM) Insurance

LGM insurance helps producers manage risk by guaranteeing a minimum gross margin. Learn how it works, and see cattle, swine and dairy examples in this guide.

Livestock Risk Protection (LRP) Insurance

See how LRP insurance helps farmers manage market price volatility risk. Missouri producers may apply for feeder cattle, fed cattle, lamb and swine policies.

Long Hedge Example With Futures

Learn how to place a long hedge in the futures market to reduce the price risk associated with buying an input in this guide for farmers and agribusinesses.

Long Hedge Example With Options

See examples of how to place a long hedge in the options market to lock in a price when buying an agricultural input used on your farm or agribusiness.

Market Channels for Locally Raised Foods

Sell Missouri vegetables via CSAs; U-pick sales; on-farm, roadside, farmers markets; co-ops; wholesale auctions; restaurants, institutions, supermarkets.

Member Control of Cooperatives: What It Means and How It Is Exercised

Learn how participation and interest are essential to agricultural cooperative members controlling the co-op and ensuring the co-op serves their interests.

Microgreens Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to estimate costs and returns from producing microgreens in Missouri.

Missouri 3,500-Cow Dairy Business Plan

With this plan, think through how to start a dairy using confinement housing: freestalls with sand bedding and tunnel ventilation to improve cow comfort and cooling.

Missouri 400-Cow Dairy and 690-Cow Dairy Business Plans

Use these Missouri dairy plans to improve cow comfort and cooling and remove milk production barriers in 400 or 690 herd sizes.

Missouri Beef Cow-Calf Planning Budget

Use this budget to estimate costs and returns for a beef cow-calf operation (50-cow herd and purchased replacements) in Missouri for fall or spring calving season.

Missouri Dairy Industry Revitalization Study

Learn more about Missouri’s dairy industry trends concerning its dairy cow inventory, farms, production, prices, production economics and processing industry and how these affect the state’s economy.

Missouri Farm Labor Guide

Learn good human resource practices related to employee recruitment, hiring, onboarding, training and termination that your farm or agribusiness can use.

Missouri Farm Tax Record: Part 1, Cash Paid-Cash Received

Farmers can use this simple Missouri farm tax recordkeeping system if they track yearly income and expenses for their agricultural operations on a cash basis.

Missouri Farmland Values

Find farmland values for Missouri and its counties from USDA since 1959. Learn methods of estimating historical county values for years not reported.

Missouri Fencing and Boundary Laws

Learn about Missouri fencing and boundary laws, including duties, rights, and resolving disputes between landowners regarding fences and boundaries.

Missouri Frost/Freeze Probabilities Guide

Where in Missouri you live can make a big difference on when to expect your first or last frost. See this guide for probabilities based on past years.

Missouri Grazing Manual

Learn how soil, forages and animals interact in grazing systems, and get ideas for improving pasture quality and extending the grazing season for beef or dairy.

Missouri Robotic Dairy Business Plans

View these plans to learn how to use labor-saving robotic milking systems and confinement housing to improve cow comfort and remove barriers for producing more milk.

Missouri Slaughter and Inspection Requirements for Livestock and Poultry Producers

Missouri meat producers must register and meet inspection requirements to sell meat legally. Learn about species-specific regulations and compliance.

Mixed Grass Hay Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to plan how to produce, finance, graze and market fescue-clover hay on Missouri farms.

Native Warm-Season Grass Planning Budget

Use this enterprise budget to plan costs and returns for establishing and managing native warm-season grass forages for hay and pasture on Missouri farms.

North Central Regional Aquaculture Industry: Trends and Outlook

Learn more about aquaculture production, consumption, industry trends and product sales in the U.S. North Central Region, the U.S. and the world.

On-Farm Beef Finishing Planning Budget

Estimate costs and returns for beef cattle finishing in Missouri with 2025 planning data to support informed farm management decisions.

Optimizing Fertilizer Value of Manure from Slurry Hog Finishing Operations

See recommendations for applying manure on corn, soybeans or fescue. Learn how to maximize slurry manure’s value and assess its storage and application cost.

Pasture Fence Construction Budget

Detailed cost estimates for building perimeter and interior fences on Missouri farms, including materials, labor, and equipment.

Pasture, Rangeland, Forage (PRF) Insurance in Missouri

Protect your grazing or hay farming operation from drought risk. Get tips and examples for understanding how PRF insurance works and choosing a policy.

Pesticide Laws and Regulations

Learn about federal and Missouri pesticide rules, and see the steps to take to become a pesticide applicator and keep good records of when you use pesticides.

Planificación de Negocios para Parcelas Pequeñas en Missouri

Aprenda por qué la planificación empresarial en torno al mercadeo, los activos y la rentabilidad es importante para lanzar con éxito una empresa de pequeña escala.

Pricing Corn Silage

Learn how to price corn silage whether it's in the field or delivered to storage or the feed bunk, and see how drought can damage a corn silage crop.

Purchasing and Leasing Farm Equipment

Deciding between buying or leasing farm equipment? Learn about purchase plans, rental agreements, lease agreements, tax and financial considerations and more.

Routine Animal Mortality Management Options in Missouri

Law requires that the body of an animal be disposed within 24 hours after death. Learn how to acceptably transport and dispose of animal carcasses.

Safe Tractor Operation

The purpose of this guide is to assist employers and employees in training for safe tractor operation. Farm employers should review this guide with anyone who operates a farm tractor.

Selecting an Appropriate Pricing Strategy

This guide outlines how to set prices for value-added agricultural products by analyzing costs, customer demand, and competition.

Selecting Cover Crop Seeding Machinery

Learn about different cover crop seeding machines and their operational features. Understand their strengths and weaknesses to reduce planting costs, the second largest expense in growing cover crops.

Selling Strategies for Local Food Producers

Learn how farms can market local food directly to consumers by building relationships with buyers, discovering customer needs, providing quality service.

Short Hedge Example With Futures

Learn how to place a short hedge in the futures market to lock in a price when selling a farm product or commodity that will be delivered in the future.

Short Hedge Example With Options

Learn how to place an output (short) hedge in the options market to reduce price risk when selling a product or commodity produced by your farm or business.

Small Acreage Business Planning in Missouri

Learn why business planning around marketing, assets and profitability is important for launching a successful small acreage enterprise. Be sure to envision your goals as you consider enterprises.

Solving Wildlife Damage Problems in Missouri

Learn 10 methods that can prevent or reduce damage that wildlife can cause on your property, and see the components of a wildlife damage management program.

Southeast Missouri Corn Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing corn on southeast Missouri farms.

Southeast Missouri Cotton Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing cotton on southeast Missouri farms.

Southeast Missouri Peanut Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing peanuts on southeast Missouri farms.

Southeast Missouri Rice Planning Budget

Use this crop enterprise budget as a guide to estimate your production costs and returns when growing rice on southeast Missouri farms.

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