Section 2: Historical Context

For over 100 years, MU Extension has empowered people by disseminating research-based knowledge and practical experience, helping them lead more productive and satisfying lives. Originating from federal acts designed to deliver the practical benefits of education and scientific research, MU Extension is part of an educational system dedicated to enhancing human potential in a changing social and economic environment. The evolution of the Cooperative Extension Service was shaped by several key legislative acts. Each act played a crucial role in expanding educational opportunities and extending the benefits of university research to all citizens, improving economic prospects and quality of life. Below is a brief explanation of each legislative act and its impact:

• The 1862 Morrill Act established the land-grant university system, making university education and vocational skills accessible to all citizens. This uniquely American system has driven growth and change across the states it serves.
• The 1887 Hatch Act established agricultural experiment stations, enhancing the research capabilities of land-grant universities. These stations conduct research that benefits agricultural producers and ensures a safe and reliable food supply.
• The 1890 Morrill Act expanded the land-grant system to include institutions serving minority students and increased funding to ensure inclusivity regardless of race. Today, each state and U.S. territory has a land-grant university, with 17 states hosting an 1890 institution.
• The 1914 Smith-Lever Act created the Cooperative Agricultural Extension Service, a partnership among federal, state, and county governments. This act allowed universities to extend their programs beyond the campus, reaching all citizens and enhancing the practical application of research and education.

“The mission of University of Missouri Extension is to address high-priority needs throughout the state by extending research-based knowledge and resources.”

Extension in Missouri has evolved significantly from its agricultural origins to cover additional areas like Community Health and Wellbeing, Youth Development, Business, and Continuing Education. Key milestones include integrating 4-H in 1927 and establishing county councils in 1955 for local input. The merging of continuing education with extension in 1960 enhanced programs such as fire training and law enforcement. A pivotal partnership with Lincoln University in 1972 further strengthened the extension system. Collaboration among federal, state, and local entities ensures effective service delivery.

Originally focused solely on farming, Missouri's Extension program has adapted to modern needs, offering education in diverse fields. The mission of University of Missouri Extension is to address high-priority needs throughout the state by extending research-based knowledge and resources. County extension councils, mandated by statute in 1955, guide local educational programming needs. Volunteers collaborate with extension faculty and stakeholders to secure operational funds, primarily from county governments.