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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 15
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Common elderberry is a shrub that grows to 8 feet tall and forms dense colonies from root sprouts. The tops are multibranched, bearing opposite, pinnately compound leaves 4 to 12 inches long. Lance-shaped leaflets are 2 to 6 inches long, 1 to 2 inches wide and sharply toothed.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 50
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Winged, smooth and staghorn sumac have single stems and a broad reaching canopy of pinnately compound leaves. Fragrant sumac has three leaves resembling poison ivy but with more serrated margins. The leaves of all species often turn a brilliant red in autumn.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 18
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Most of the foxtails found in the Midwest are native to Europe and Asia. They are annual plants generally considered to be weeds. The seed head has the bushy form of a fox's tail. Height at maturity varies by species, but is generally 1-3 feet.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 53
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Three-seeded mercury is characterized by longitudinally folded, lobed, leaflike bracts that persist throughout the growing season. The seeds are small, egg-shaped and dark brown to light gray or tan.
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Writing Features
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Learn how to craft engaging feature stories by focusing on imaginative leads, concise sentences, and active verbs to captivate your readers.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 21
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Wild grapes are vines capable of climbing to 75 feet or more by means of tendrils. Leaves are alternate, simple and heart-shaped (Vitis) to triangular (Ampelopsis). Flowers bloom from mid to late spring, and globe-shaped fruits are borne in drooping clusters from late summer through fall.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 56
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Viburnum grows as shrubs or small trees with branching crowns. Flowers are borne in dense, flat-topped panicles that produce many red to bluish black, berrylike fruits in fall. The leaves are opposite and turn brilliant shades of deep rose-purple to rose-red or bright red in fall.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 24
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Hazelnut is a thicket-forming, spreading shrub that can vary in height from 3 to 10 feet. Its leaves are egg-shaped to oval, doubly serrated with five to eight veins on each side of the central vein. Fruits occur in clusters of two to six.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 59
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the following individuals and groups for their constructive review of this publication: Steve Clubine, Elsa Gallagher, Emily Horner, Lee Hughes, Aaron Jeffries, Matt Seek, Tim Smith, Bill White, and members of the Missouri Quail and Grassland Bird Technical Committee.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 27
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Indian grass is a tall, warm-season nativethat averages 4 to 6 feet in height at maturity. Stems are stiff, and leaves are long and narrow. A characteristic of the plant is the notched ligule, suggesting the rear sight of a rifle.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 30
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Annual lespedeza and Korean lespedeza exhibit many similarities in growth form, occurring as semierect herbaceous plants with three-lobed leaves and reddish-purple to white flowers. Lower leaves are spreading while upper leaves stand erect.
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Quail-Friendly Plants of the Midwest, Page 33
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Oaks are long-lived trees that produce a seasonally important food for dozens of wildlife species. Their distinctive leaves and bark are identifying features.
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Nitrogen in the Environment: Nitrate Poisoning
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Infants are most at risk from nitrate-contaminated water, which can lead to serious health issues.
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Soybean Rust, Page 4
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Frogeye leaf spot causes small, circular lesions on soybean leaves. It thrives in warm, humid conditions and survives in infected residue and seed.
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Soybean Rust, Page 7
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These photos show the disease stages of soybean rust, which can be difficult to identify, especially in the early stages.
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Best Management Practices for Biosolids Land Application
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Land application of biosolids recycles nutrients, reduces pollution, and follows safety practices to protect soil, crops, and water.
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Nitrogen in the Plant
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Nitrogen plays an important part in many essential functions. Visit our website to learn about Nitrogen in the Plant.
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Fertilizer Nutrients in Dairy Manure
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Discover effective strategies for managing dairy manure to optimize nutrient recovery and enhance crop productivity through proper manure handling.
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Soybean Rust, Page 2
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Identify and manage bacterial pustule in soybeans with guidance on symptoms, weather conditions, and disease development to protect your crops.
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Soybean Rust, Page 5
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Identify and manage Septoria brown spot in soybeans with insights on symptoms, weather impact, and control strategies. Learn how to protect your crop.
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Soybean Rust, Page 8
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Compare soybean rust disease stages by looking at them side by side.
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Benefits and Risks of Biosolids
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Biosolids are domestic wastewater sludge that meet standards for beneficial use as fertilizer. Visit our site to learn the Benefits and Risks of Biosolids.
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Nitrogen in the Environment: Nitrification
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Nitrification converts ammonium to nitrate, which can leach into groundwater, posing health risks, especially for infants.
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Nitrogen in the Environment: Essential Plant Nutrients
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Nitrogen is essential for plant growth, but excessive nitrate from fertilizers can contaminate groundwater, posing health risks, especially to infants.
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Collecting and Preserving Waste and Wastewater Samples for Analysis
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Waste handling systems are used to protect the environment. Visit our site for our Collecting and Preserving Waste and Wastewater Samples for Analysis guide.