STOCKTON, Mo. – “As spring and lush grass growth arrives cattle producers need to plan for prevention of grass tetany,” says Patrick Davis, University of Missouri Extension livestock field specialist. Grass tetany arises from a cattle mineral imbalance, so Davis suggests cattle producers use management strategies discussed below to reduce the incidence in their cattle operations.

“A balanced mineral program with added magnesium will prevent against grass tetany,” says Davis. Lush forages have a combination of high potassium and low sodium, which reduces animal absorption of magnesium, resulting in symptoms of grass tetany. In addition to magnesium deficiency, evidence shows that sodium deficiency plays a role in grass tetany. Davis suggests cattle producers provide a balanced mineral, vitamin and trace mineral program free choice with an added magnesium level of 12% to 14% to prevent against grass tetany. It is preferred to add the extra magnesium in the form of magnesium oxide starting about 30 days before green-up.

“Older early lactation cows are the most susceptible to experience grass tetany,” says Davis. Milk production is a big drain on magnesium, and older early lactation cows have reduced ability to mobilize bone magnesium and maintain optimum blood levels. Davis suggests cattle producers pay close attention to this group of cows and watch for grass tetany symptoms, which consist of unusual behavior, muscle tremors, frequent urination, staggers, convulsions and, if not treated, death.

Davis suggests prevention to deal with grass tetany, but have a plan in place if symptoms arise. Consult your veterinarian on treatment strategies if your cattle experience symptoms. Treatment consists of intravenous injection of a commercial preparation of magnesium and calcium in a dextrose base. Treatment results will vary based on the animal’s clinical stage at treatment.

Davis suggests cattle producers who want more information on management strategies to reduce the incidence of cattle grass tetany contact their local MU Extension livestock field specialist.